Einstein :: essays research papers

Albert Einstein, a well known researcher. Everybody realizes that. In any case, what amount do you truly think about him. All things considered, this article is to      Albert Einstein was conceived on March 15, 1879, in the town of Ulm, in Southern Germany. That town was situated at the foot of the Swabian Alps. His location was 135 Bahnhofstrasse yet that house was later crushed in a World War II shelling run. His folks were Hermann and Pauline Koch Einstein. Them two were Jewish, however didn’t emphatically practice the religion. Subsequently, â€Å"Israelitic† was composed on the Religion area of Einstein’s birth declaration. Two years after Einstein’s birth, Einstein’s sister, Maria, was conceived. Einstein could talk in entire sentences at three years old. Einstein’s mother, Pauline Einstein, adored music so Einstein took Violin exercises from age six to thirteen. Einstein’s father wasn’t a fruitful businessperson. He at that point began a pipes/electrical building organization with his sibling in Munich, trusting that would be a triumph. Albert went through the following 1 4 years of his life there. Albert should go to a Jewish school, yet his folks felt that he would show signs of improvement training at a Catholic School. He abhorred the school’s military convention and air. Einstein wasn’t exceptionally wise during this time. At twelve years old, he went to an exercise room, Luitpold Gymnasium to be progressively accurate, which resembles a center school and a secondary school consolidated. During at that point, he was beginning to peruse books on science. He met a poor researcher who helped Einstein in his examinations. The scholar’s name was Max Talmud. To support Einstein’s information, he gave Einstein a few difficult issues. One of them was to demonstrate the Pythagorean hypothesis. (See Diagram 1.) In 1894, Einstein’s family moved to Milan, Italy, however Einstein needed to remain in Munich to complete his examinations. Prior to the furthest limit of the school year, which was a half year after his folks left, he was advised to leave the recreation center on account of his lack of respect to his instructors. He at that point moved to Italy, which was an amazement to his folks since they weren’t anticipating him in Italy. At the point when he was 16â ½, he stepped through an exam to get into the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH). You didn’t need a secondary school certificate to get into the ETH. Rather, you have to breeze through an extremely hard assessment. The ETH likewise assumed another significant job in Einstein’s life: it conceded ladies. Einstein :: papers research papers Albert Einstein, a well known researcher. Everybody realizes that. Be that as it may, what amount do you truly think about him. All things considered, this article is to      Albert Einstein was conceived on March 15, 1879, in the town of Ulm, in Southern Germany. That town was situated at the foot of the Swabian Alps. His location was 135 Bahnhofstrasse however that house was later pulverized in a World War II shelling run. His folks were Hermann and Pauline Koch Einstein. Them two were Jewish, however didn’t firmly practice the religion. In this way, â€Å"Israelitic† was composed on the Religion segment of Einstein’s birth authentication. Two years after Einstein’s birth, Einstein’s sister, Maria, was conceived. Einstein could talk in entire sentences at three years old. Einstein’s mother, Pauline Einstein, adored music so Einstein took Violin exercises from age six to thirteen. Einstein’s father wasn’t a fruitful agent. He at that point began a pipes/electrical designing organization with his sibling in Munich, trusting that would be a triumph. Albert went through the following 14 years of his life there. Albert should go to a Jewish school, yet his folks imagined that he would show signs of improvement training at a Catholic School. He detested the school’s military custom and air. Einstein wasn’t insightful during this time. At twelve years old, he went to a gym, Luitpold Gymnasium to be progressively definite, which resembles a center school and a secondary school consolidated. During at that point, he was beginning to peruse books on science. He met a poor researcher who helped Einstein in his examinations. The scholar’s name was Max Talmud. To help Einstein’s information, he gave Einstein a few difficult issues. One of them was to demonstrate the Pythagorean hypothesis. (See Diagram 1.) In 1894, Einstein’s family moved to Milan, Italy, yet Einstein needed to remain in Munich to complete his investigations. Prior to the furthest limit of the school year, which was a half year after his folks left, he was advised to leave the exercise center as a result of his lack of regard to his educators. He at that point moved to Italy, which was an amazement to his folks since they weren’t anticipating him in Italy. At the point when he was 16â ½, he stepped through an exam to get into the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH). You didn’t need a secondary school confirmation to get into the ETH. Rather, you have to breeze through an exceptionally hard assessment. The ETH likewise assumed another significant job in Einstein’s life: it conceded ladies.

Descartes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Descartes - Essay Example nd republished in 1642, â€Å"Meditations of First Philosophy,† which covers various philosophical themes that he was intensely put resources into talked about a portion of these points. One of these subjects incorporates the presence of God and whether something like this might exist. Anyway Descartes lived in a period where the Catholic Church held a lot of intensity. Had Descartes reached some other resolution than an agreed affirmation of God he may have been banned from the Church or, more awful, marked an apostate. So this makes one wonder did Descartes have faith in God or would he say he was cushioning his decisions to stay away from Church mistreatment? Descartes stated, â€Å"†¦were it not the case that God truly existed. By ‘God’ I mean the very being whom is inside me, that is, the owner of the considerable number of consummations which I can't grasp†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Descartes 1-132). Descartes puts forth his defense in the â€Å"Meditations† that there must be a God. It resembles a geometric shape, steady, ever present, and resolute. He bolstered his decisions, basically, in view of the accompanying reasons (Kurtin). Basically this turns out to be as God is great however man isn't, which implies that God must exist on the grounds that a blemished being would not be equipped for thinking about an ideal one. In reasonableness, there are various imperfections in Descartes thinking on this point. He makes a supposition that since mankind is imperfect then God must be great. Since God is immaculate at that point man would never have created an ideal being. Be that as it may, none of these lines of reasoning ever offer substantial confirmation of the presence of God. In the event that works from the point of view, a one-sided one, since individuals needed to have confidence in God. It appears to be likely that that Descartes was the same. Be that as it may, as a savant he was unable to think about the truth without reflection and thought. He needed God to be genuine so he made a rationale that permits God to be genuine. This kind of reasoning serves the scholar quite well, yet may not be gotten also by

Blog Archive University of Virginia (Darden) Essay Analysis, 20192020

Blog Archive University of Virginia (Darden) Essay Analysis, 2019â€"2020 After completely reworking its MBA application essay questions last season, the admissions committee at the University of Virginia’s Darden School has done just a little fine-tuning this year. Candidates must still respond to five prompts and do so within a 700-word limit, but a new query has been added, while two previous ones have been combined into a single question. As a whole, the prompts again cover applicants’ personal, educational, and career objectives while touching on aspects of Darden’s particular character and ethosâ€"notably, its learning teams, vast international reach, and (now) diversity. In this analysis, we offer our best essay advice for all of the school’s 2019â€"2020 questions. Interested in learning how to tackle this year’s UVA Darden application essays? Watch the short video below before you continue reading the full analysis! Leadership: Darden strives to identify and cultivate responsible leaders who follow their purpose. Please provide an example of a situation in which you have made a meaningful impact. (200 words) Darden’s first essay prompt is an interesting hybrid of two questions it posed last season, one about leadership style and the other about impact. This new presentation cleverly touches on both, the assumption likely being that when you brought about the meaningful result in question, you did so while in a leadership position or at least when acting in a leadership capacity. Therefore, by describing what you achieved and how you did so, you will naturally also reveal information about your leadership style. At mbaMission, we love when admissions committees request examples, because they invite essays that use a narrative structure, and we believe such essays tend to be not only more revelatory but also more interesting to read (always good when trying to make an impression on someone who reads literally thousands of essays each year!). For example, you might start by launching directly into your story: “Although I had never led a committee that spanned three departments before, I found myself….” In a Darden FAQs blog post, an admissions representative advises, “Our basic advice is to show don’t tellâ€"examples are always best” but also cautions applicants to “not be so broad as to preclude self-reflection and meaningful insight. We are interested in getting to know how you think, how you approach working with others, your sense of self-awareness and your willingness to be self-reflective.” Because Darden wants to know about your “impact,” you will have to clearly show the results of your actions, but the admissions committee also wants to understand that the decisions you made and steps you took clearly paid off and that a project, company, organization, individual, or product experienced some kind of change as a result. In other words, in addition to explaining what was achieved and why it was significant, you must illustrate the values, thought process, and initiatives that made it possible. Also, make note of the words “responsible” and “purpose” in this prompt and keep them in mind as you brainstorm ideas for this mini essay. Qualities related to these concepts would be good ones to highlight if they are truly part of your authentic story. Diversity: Diversity and inclusion are critical to our mission and they work best when they are an integral and celebrated part of our community. Read University of Virginia’s Diversity Inclusion Vision Statement. Share a time in which you engaged with a perspective, identity, community, or experience that was different from your own and how it impacted your worldview. (200 words) In business schoolâ€"as in life in generalâ€"you will encounter people who think differently from you, operate according to different values, and react differently to the same stimuli. And success in an endeavor often involves considering and incorporating others’ input and standpoints. Via this essay, Darden hopes to learn how you view, approach, and react to such differences. Once enrolled in the school’s MBA program, you will be surrounded every day by people who are unlike you in a multitude of ways, and you will need to work in tandem with and alongside these individuals when analyzing case studies, completing group projects, and participating in other activities both inside and outside the classroom. The school is clearly seeking evidence that you are capable of listening, reflecting, learning, and growing and that you are open and receptive to things beyond your usual frame of reference. And by asking you to share a time when a novel “perspective, identity, community, or experience” changed you in some fundamental way, Darden is requesting actual evidence of this open-mindedness in action. To craft an effective essay response, consider using a narrative approach to describe a kind of “before and after” situation or “lightbulb moment” in which your takeaways from the experience influenced your subsequent thoughts, values, and/or actions. Perhaps you were exposed to something completely new that resonated with you and thereafter became a fundamental part of your mores or a routine practice in your life. Or maybe an experience challenged one of your existing beliefs and altered your opinion or stance in a significant way. Keep in mind, however, that the admissions committee is much more interested in your willingness and capacity to learn and grow than in the specific kind of change you experienced. Darden Worldwide â€" Travel: The Batten Foundation Worldwide Scholarship provides all Darden students in our full-time MBA program with an opportunity to participate in a Darden Worldwide Course. If you could choose any location in the world, where would you want to travel, and why? (50 words) First, we want to make sure you fully understand what this essay prompt is revealing. At our recent mbaMission annual conference, held this year on Darden grounds, Executive Director of Admissions and Financial Aid Dawna Clarke explained to us that because of this generous Batten scholarship, every single Darden student can now afford to participate in an international course at some point during their two years in the program. Business school is an experience rife with opportunities, and Darden wants to make sure no barriers stand in the way of its students taking advantage of this oneâ€"the chance to study abroad and explore new horizons. While this essay prompt had an air of the hypothetical last year, this year it is very much grounded in reality. So really plumb your interests and identify a location that truly excites youâ€"then write about it!   In just a few sentences, you can show your adventurous or intellectual side by pinpointing a country that sincerely appeals to you and reveals something interesting about you. But avoid writing a travelogue! Just clearly (and succinctly) explain why and how your choice will enhance both your education and others’. (Note that that paragraph is exactly 50 words long!) Learning Team: Tell us what you would want your learning team to know about you â€" personally, professionally, or both? (100 words) Before you start writing, we suggest you do some background work on what a learning team is and how it functions. At Darden, learning teams are carefully selected groups of five to six students, assembled with the intent of creating an eclectic mix of personalities and backgrounds. This group meets in the evenings, Sunday through Thursday, to tackle the next day’s case work together (and if you are not familiar with the case method, now is the time to do your homework on it as well!). Learning teams are a core element of the Darden experience, in part because some cases are so voluminous that students must take a divide-and-conquer approach and teach one another the material. In short, learning teams are intense and complex, requiring strong teamwork skills and contributions but capable of providing support and camaraderie as students work their way through Darden’s notoriously challenging first year. For your essay response to be successful and compelling, you will need to show that you have something to offer your future teammates. So, in a mere 100 words, you must reveal that you have a perspective, attribute, or background that will better enable your learning team to function. We are advocates of using anecdotes to reveal this kind of information and suggest you consider focusing on a single experience that demonstrates your positive team attributes and can represent how you would function on your learning team. This does not mean that you must describe a clichéd team experience to prove you are a team player. The key is simply to show you bring something of value to the table in this contextâ€"perhaps you are a great debater and can clearly see and elucidate multiple sides to a story, or you have particular experience with and insight into geopolitics, or you are naturally intellectually curious and have amassed a broad range of basic knowledge. Within reason, the trait does not matter! Establish that you have a skill or attribute that would be advantageous to Darden’s learning team experience, and you w ill send a compelling message.   To learn more about Darden’s learning teams and other characteristic elements of its MBA program, download a free copy of the mbaMission Insider’s Guide to the University of Virginia’s Darden School of Business Administration. What is your short-term, post-MBA career goal and why? (150 words) At our aforementioned annual conference, Dawna shared with us that one of her favorite expressions is “You don’t know what you don’t know” and that she keeps this maxim in mind when considering Darden applicants’ career goals. MBA students encounter an incredible (and often surprising) number and breadth of professional opportunities while in business school, and given her extensive admissions background, she knows only too well that candidates can and do change their minds and trajectories along the way. That said, Darden wants to know that you have given this aspect of your MBA experience very serious thought, have thoroughly researched your options, and are approaching business school with a strong sense of purposeâ€"that you have a fitting and attainable goal in mind and can articulate it clearly. Note that the admissions committee is asking only about your short-term goal, which is often a pretty practical one, compared with applicants’ typically more idealistic long-term goals. So, first make sure that the path you have chosen is a sensible one for you. Ask yourself, “Will a Darden MBA help me get from where I am now to where I want to be?” If, for example, you are a journalist and have dreams of working at a hedge fund after you graduate, the admissions committee will probably not respond very positively to your plan, because hedge funds tend to be the domain of math PhDs and seasoned finance professionals. The school wants to feel that you will be able to achieve your aspirations after completing its program, so you want to avoid goals that could sound farfetched. Instead, as a journalist, you would need to identify a far more realistic path, but one that is true to who you are. Being ambitious is great, but the goal you present must be connected to reality, and to d emonstrate that connection, you will have to spell out why your objective is a reasonable one for you. Establishing briefly that you have the skills and knowledge to enter your target field will make that logical connection for your admissions reader, reassuring them that you can be a happy and productive graduate. One’s short-term goal is a common topic in a traditional personal statement, so we encourage you to download your  free  copy of the  mbaMission Personal Statement Guide, which helps applicants write this style of essay for any school. This complimentary guide offers detailed advice on approaching and framing these subjects, along with multiple illustrative examples. Be sure to  claim your copy today. The Next Stepâ€"Mastering Your UVA Darden Interview:  Many MBA candidates find admissions interviews stressful and intimidating, but mastering this important element of the application process is definitely possibleâ€"the key is informed preparation. And, on your way to this high level of preparation, we offer our  free Interview Primers  to spur you along! Download your free copy of  The UVA Darden Interview Primer  today. Share ThisTweet 2019-2020 Business School MBA Essay Analysis University of Virginia (Darden)

Writing a Vietnam War Essay

Vietnam War is a rather ambiguous topic – there is no generally accepted point of view that would explain all its aspects in a manner satisfactory for all the conflicting parties. It has been the reason for a great social upheaval while it was happening, and still it has a lot of potential for analysis using different approaches. As you may see, writing a Vietnam War essay can be, on the one hand, not prohibitively difficult – the information on this topic is readily available to everyone, there are lots and lots of works by celebrated specialists proving this or that point of view, and you can choose any and each one of them without being afraid of not finding anything to support your theory. On the other hand, the memory of it is still very much alive and when writing such a work one has to be considerate enough not to tread on other people’s sore spots. Possible Vietnam War Essay Topics The first step in writing an essay is always choosing a topic; and the right choice may save you a lot of trouble. Generally it is better to make your topic rather neutral – you will have a lot of possibilities to express your point of view in the course of writing, there is no need to shout about it beforehand. Decide what aspect of the war you are going to study, e.g.: Political background and consequences. Strategic aspect. Reasons why the war came to exactly this outcome. Vietnam war essay topics are numerous, you just have to think a little bit and try to choose something not very trite. Relating the History of the Vietnam War Let’s say you’ve decided to write about the history of the war proper, not its geopolitical consequences and suchlike. You may describe the way it went in general, without paying any special attention to specific episodes, but it is most likely a no-win variant, because an essay is a small piece of writing and you won’t have enough time and space to give anything more than a very superficial account of the war. A better approach is to look at the history of the Vietnam War and choose a separate episode, for example, the Tet Offensive, and speak at length about what makes it special, in what ways it influenced the outcome of the war and so on. The narrower the topic is, the better. Hidden Pitfalls of Writing a Vietnam War Paper Vietnam War is a very controversial issue, and different people will have diametrically different opinions about it, including your tutor or professor. Although we don’t suggest that you should try to ingratiate yourself with your tutor and write what he wants to read, it is always a good idea to know who are you writing for. Some people like when students show spirit and are ready to stand up for themselves, some are annoyed by it. Finding out beforehand will make your Vietnam War paper all the more successful.

The Not-so-Tragic Tragedy of Macbeth Is Macbeth a true...

Amongst all of Shakespeares tragedies, Macbeth is the most inconsistent and fragmented. Like the mental state of the protagonist, the tragic structure of the play is in disarray from the very onset. According to Aristotle, all tragedies must follow a certain set of characteristics, and the most important of these is the presence of a tragic hero. This tragic hero must possess a tragic flaw, or hamartia, which is a good quality taken to such an extreme that it now exhibits immoral behaviour from the hero. He must also draw sympathy of his plight from the audience. Macbeth, although the protagonist, is not a tragic hero because he does not possess this hamartia. This significant absence of a flaw leads to his actions being without†¦show more content†¦Macbeth is self-doubting all through the first three acts of the play; in his lines following the witches initial prophecies, he states Come what come may (I.iii.146), portraying his lack of wilful decisiveness. Yet after the wit ches second set of prophecies, he takes decisive measures to crown [his] thoughts with acts (IV.i.149), and his imagination vanishes. Similarly, Lady Macbeths first statement of Glamis thou art, and Cawdor, and shalt be/What thou art promisd (I.v.15-16) establishes her steely resolve. She is practical and untroubled by any visions. When she realizes the extent of the damage she has caused, however, her imagination takes full reign. In the sleepwalking scene, she is depicted as a broken figure, tormented by imaginative hallucinations. In both cases, imagination comes along when the character is in a disorderly state of mind; therefore, imagination, like ambition, is not Macbeths tragic flaw, testifying that Macbeth does not possess one and therefore is unrecognizable as a tragic hero. Macbeths lack of such a flaw deems all his heinous actions without justification, and as a result, draws no sympathy from the audience. The blame for his lapse in character can be placed upon nothing but his own non-tragic flaws. He is depicted as a cowardly man: he kills Duncan because of his inability to make decisions for himself; Banquo out of paranoia:Show MoreRelatedEssay on Shakespeares Macbeth - The Tragic Hero717 Words   |  3 PagesMacbeth - The Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   Every true Elizabethan Tragedy comes complete with a tragic hero.   The tragedy Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, has a perfect example of a tragic hero, otherwise known as Macbeth.   A tragic hero must be a man who is great and admirable in various ways.   He should be placed in society in such a way that everything he does affects all of the members of his society.   A tragic hero should at some point reach the top of Fortune’s Wheel, but land upRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1052 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish II 2 October, 2015 â€Å"Tragedy† of Macbeth Macbeth, a play written by one of the most influential English writers of all time William Shakespeare. It was created to be a Shakespearean tragedy. A tragedy as Aristotle defines it as: â€Å"Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude †¦. through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions† (Aristotle: Poetics). What this is saying for a tragedy is that it should have the audienceRead MoreDefining a Hero in Shakespeares Macbeth1308 Words   |  5 Pagesdefines a tragic hero, he or she may claim that it is a hero of high class that possesses unprecedented courage and exceedingly strength; thus, a hero who also suffers a calamity of their own downfall and ultimate death through their tragic flaw. Their downfall not only causes infliction on oneself, but also inflicts the society. This can be seen and heavily stressed through William Shakespeare’s tragedy, Macbeth. In his play, the reade r comes across Macbeth, a noble and honorable hero, who ranksRead MoreWhat Are The Similarities Between Macbeth And Othello1267 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is the playwright in which the works of Macbeth and Othello are written . These works are both written in Shakespeares signature style of tragedy where a character experiences a reversal of fortune at the hands of their own actions. A true tragic hero is a character who is admired while being flawed; has both good and evil characteristics; experiences a hamartia, a moral mistake or ignorant error; is given an opportunity for redemption yet continues refusing; experiences theRead MoreDramatic Literature : The Tragic Hero1607 Words   |  7 PagesThe tragedy is one of the most common forms of dramatic literature in use today. In a general tragedy, the protagonist, known as the tragic hero, is driven towards their inevitable demise by a fault in their personality. This defect in character, or tragic flaw as it is mo st commonly known, leads the tragic hero towards a succession of poor decisions that affects not only the tragic hero, but those around them as well. The tragic flaw can come in a variety of forms, although the most common flawsRead MoreThe Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth is the leading character of Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Macbeth, in which he struggles to deal with the consequences of his actions. Is he a Tragic Hero? His brutal actions make it very questionable, but yes, Macbeth is a Hero in his own Tragedy. There are positive connotations to being a tragic hero, the first being that in order to be one, the character must have one of the starring roles. It is obvious that Macbeth has a leading part in the play, since not only does it revolve aroundRead MoreMacbeth as a Tragic Hero in William Shakespeares Play Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth as a Tragic Hero in William Shakespeares Play The play ‘Macbeth’ by William Shakespeare charts the rise and fall of the Scottish general Macbeth, through a tale of treachery, deceit and death. First performed in 1606 ‘Macbeth’ is inspired by a story of the Scottish monarchy. A tragic hero is one who at the outset is not wholly good or bad but has a character fault that causes them to make tragic mistakes resulting in their eventual downfall. ‘Macbeth’ is a renaissanceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth Vs. Othello1006 Words   |  5 PagesNadia Chilcoat Macbeth vs. Othello Period: â…š 12/12/2014 Macbeth vs. Othello Ancient Greeks believed that a tragic hero must be admirable but flawed, someone the audience can sympathize with, and someone capable of good and evil. The main character must also have a doctrine of free will, in which they are able to redeem themselves, but they continue to fall freely in a downward spiral from a position of superiority. The audience must also be able toRead MoreMacbeth as a Tragic Hero1513 Words   |  7 PagesMacbeth as a Tragic Hero William Shakespeare s plays have the reputation of being among the greatest in the English language and in Western literature. Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the 16th century. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, and Macbeth, considered some of the finestRead MoreMacbeth: The Tragic Hero Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pages In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Macbeth is a classic example of a tragic hero who is constantly struggling with his fate. In the opening scene of the play Macbeth receives a prophecy from three witches. They proclaim that he will be the thane of Cawdor. He responds by saying, â€Å"By Sinel’s death I know that I am thane of Glamis/ but how of Cawdor†(I, iii, 70-73)? At first, he does not realize to earn this title what he must do, but when he realizes he is taken aback. His bewilderment prefigures

The Cathedral Of Notre Dame - 888 Words

The Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Reims, northeast of Paris near Champagne was the coronation church of the kings of France and was an educational and cultural center. Also built of limestone, the architecture of the Reims Cathedral features Gothic style. It symbolizes an Early Gothic, Radiant Gothic and Flamboyant Gothic. The Reims Cathedral depicts a classic harmonic facade containing four levels. Its interior is defined by its towering heights and narrow proportions, and elaborate sculptural works. Because of the high quality of workmanship and materials used, Reims Cathedral features some of the most beautiful gothic art in existence. Five different cathedrals have been on the site on which Reims cathedral now sits since 401 CE. The current cathedral was built in 1211, after the previous cathedral had burned down. The new building was almost entirely finished by the end of the thirteenth century. 88 gargoyles were counted on the Reims Cathedral and are mainly used to drain of f rainwater and are exceptional pieces of work, but do show the slight difference between Gothic and Romanesque styles. The stained glass windows are a beautiful part of Reims despite being damaged or ruined several times in the 18th century; the cathedral still has many 13th century stained glass windows, in the upper parts of the nave, choir and transept. On the opposite side of the great western portal, the Great Rose Window, dating from the end of the 13th century, represents â€Å"the CrowningShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Notre Dame Cathedral1022 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Notre-Dame Cathedral on the  Ile de la Cite  in  Paris is one of the most recognised Gothic structures of medieval Europe. It is considered a fine example of new architectural strategies of the twelfth century, as well as a symbol of socio-political power of the Catholic Church within this period (Swaan, 1988). Therefore, the cathedrals design and construction highlight advances in art and building strategies throughout the history of European culture. This essay is going to discuss Notre-DameRead MoreA Visit to the Notre Dame Cathedral586 Words   |  2 PagesThe Notre Dame Cathedral is certainly one of the most beautiful locations in the world, as the city of Paris as a whole and the buildings surroundings contribute to making visitors acknowledge the importance of this monument. Construction on the cathedral started in 1163 and was largely finished by 1250, with most of its features emphasizing Gothic influences. The buildings architecture, the sculptures present in it, and the impressive stained glass all stand as reminders that the French communityRead MoreAnalysis : The Hunchback Of Notre Dame816 Words   |  4 PagesHunchback of Notre Dame, pages 85-165 Victor Hugo finishes the background and introduction of the characters and begins the plot by setting up the antagonist. During these pages, Hugo continues to allude to many different historical figures and events, provides vivid descriptions of the Notre Dame cathedral and makes it an important symbol in the book. In The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Hugo gives the reader the first look at the Notre Dame cathedral. Hugo personifies the cathedral by using the wordsRead MoreGothic Cathedrals, Compare and Contrast Two846 Words   |  4 PagesGothic Cathedrals The Gothic style has been the root for some of mankind’s most beautiful works of art. It was introduced by the Romanesque style of building. Romanesque style only lasted for nearly one hundred years before the Gothic style replaced it entirely. Abbot Suger was the founder of the Gothic style. One great form of Gothic architecture was the Notre Dame de Chartres cathedral that was built in France between 1145 and 1513. Another form is the Bourges cathedral, located in BourgesRead MoreComparison and Contrast of Two Gothic Cathedrals Essay625 Words   |  3 PagesComparison and Contrast of Two Gothic Cathedrals Gothic Style is some of the most beautiful works of art that man have ever made. It originated with the Romanesque style of building which lasted for about one hundred years before it was replaced by Gothic styles. The founder of the Gothic style was a man by the name of Abbot Suger. Notre Dame de Chartres cathedral was built in France between 1145 and 1513 and is Gothic architecture. Another Gothic architecture is the Bourges and it isRead MoreThe Sad Theme of the Hunchback of Notre Dame806 Words   |  3 Pages Is always a happy ending? The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a book by Victor Hugo written in 1831. Victor Hugo was born in Besancon, France on February 26, 1802. The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a French Romantic/Gothic genre book. Hunchback of Notre Dame involves around Quasimodo a hunchback. The Hunchback of Notre Dame has many different themes. I believe one of the biggest theme is you shouldnt judge based on appearances. The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a very sad book, but with it being sad thereRead More Saint Sernin Of Toulouse And Notre Dame Of Paris Essay701 Words   |  3 PagesSaint Sernin of Toulouse and Notre Dame of Paris   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When one thinks of St. Sernin and Notre Dame, one tends to think of two beautiful cathedrals, not to churches that portray two totally different styles of architecture. Those two styles are, of course, Romanesque in St. Sernin and the Gothic style of Notre Dame. Some characteristics that these two buildings share include quest for height, basic floor plan, and artistic flair. The period of Romanesque architecture, which lasted roughlyRead MoreNotre Dame Of Chartres And The Temple Of Khonsu1703 Words   |  7 Pages Gloria Morales HUMN 241 Prof. Ho 11/18/2015 Paired Places: Written Assignment Notre Dame of Chartres and the Temple of Khonsu By studying the design of the Norte dame of Chartres cathedral, in France and the Temple of Khonsu located in Egypt. We can emphasize how both buildings relate with each other. The Chartres cathedral and the temple of Khonsu have numerous of connections with other. 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The sacred ground of the Celts was here, the Romans built a temple to worship Jupiter, a Christian basilica was built in the 6th century, and a Romanesque church was built before the construction of the Notre Dame started. In 1163,

The Pathogenesis of Brian Colorectal Cancer

Question: Describe the pathogenesis of Brians colorectal cancer from the initial cellular mutation to the diagnosis of stage IIA colorectal cancer? Answer: In the case of colorectal cancer, discussing about the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer mutations in KRAS is defined as an initial event in the term of pathogenesis. It has been reported that mutation in KRAS demonstrated in 50% of adenomas and hence defined as a key genetic modification that is useful to the development of adenoma to colorectal cancer. It has been found that progression of KRAS mutation is a vital stage in the multistep phenomenon in cancer development. Mutation in KRAS is been associated with very fast and competitive metastatic action of liver metastases. It has been found that there are several liver metastases that were associated with the high expression of KI67 and KRAS have shorter time lapse to be detected as it has restriction with colon and poor survival. Mutation KRAS is associated with C12V is associated to hepatic metastasis along with several lung and colon metastasis. For the treatment module role of KRAS is very critical as it is associated with the deprived response rates of several therapeutic agents thus the mutational role of KRAS act as a deciding step in validating therapies for colorectal cancers. KRAS is associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which is a tyrosine kinase and present on maximum colorectal tumours as it is known to KRAS decrease the response of agents which are anti EGFR. Mutation in KRAS and their implementation in cancer biology have been validated for past decade. KRAS has second highest prevalence of colorectal cancer and this therapy may be well validated in coming durations and at present act has promising approach (Cong and Xiang, 2012) Describe two (2) modifiable and three (3) non- modifiable risk factors for colorectal cancer and explain how these risk factors may have contributed to the development of Brians colorectal cancer. There have been several evidences that denotes about several factors including several dietary and lifestyle factors that influences the risk of colorectal cancer. Physical inertness, overweight and a deposition of adiposity are consistent risk factors as these parameters serves as major contributors to the high rates of colorectal cancer in several nations. In the recent advancements study indicates the chronic hyperinsulinemia as a major risk factor as it increases the risk of colon cancer because insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia is promotes by over intake energy and in terms of the Western food routine and culture (e.g., saturated fats and refined carbohydrates), it may be a termed of factors that increses the colorectal cancer. Over consumption of liquor in combination with diet possessing deficit in micronutrients like methionine and folate and smoking likely to increases risk of colorectal cancer especially folate is a nutrient that has been well explores and bears in ra ndomized clinical trials (Giovannucci, 2002). Some of the other risk includes age, personal history of polyps and inflammatory bowel disease, possessing some kind of syndromes, ethnic background and diabetes. Person having past history of adenomatous polyps (adenomas) are at the high risk of colorectal cancer. In inflammatory bowel disease including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis where colon stays inflamed for long duration, if untreated turns to dysplasia where it possess growth of cells at lining of colon which in case of uncontrolled management turns to colorectal cancer. Individual having family history of adenomatous polyps or colorectal cancer are at high risk to be having colorectal cancers. Mutation in several genes may result in development of colorectal cancer like mutation in APC gene causes in Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and defect in MLH1 or MSH2 gene leads to Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) (Al-Sukhni et al., 2008). A recent study reveals that mutations in the gene MUTYH causes MUTYH-associated polyposis (Schlussel et al, 2014) Describe the action and mechanism of action of metronidazole (Flagyl) in relation to its administration to Brian. Describe the action and mechanism of action of morphine in relation to its administration to Brian. Metronidazole is the major component which is found in plasma along with 2-hydroxymethyl metabolites and circulating metronidazole is bound to plasma proteins. Metronidazole is the productive antianaerobic drug validated in an in-vitro condition. An extensive and wide clinical trial to analyse metronidazole along with neomycin towards erythromycin and neomycin as bowel composition showsd a remarkable reduction in anaerobic flora in individual bearing metronidazole (Hinchey et al, 1983). Morphine is developed as god standard for the pain relieve as it is one of the best drug available for the better pain management and it is clinically very effective in cancer pain. Morphine acts on the central nervous system directly for relieve in pain by activating the peripheral tissues as well as it help in migration and proliferation of tumour cells. morphine is found very important for the maintenance of neoplastic tissues (Gach et al, 2011) . Discuss the nursing responsibilities with associated rationales in relation to administering Morphine to Brian. For nursing care it requires multidisciplinary approach towards patient care to meet the expected care Etiology Though the exact reason behind the development of colon cancer is unknown but still several risk factors have been identified that progresses after the age of 40 in both male and females. Ranging from formation of multiple adenomatous polyps to development of colorectal cancer extensive nursing care is involved Diagnosis While diagnosis it nursing personnel should always remember that there is no outward symptom to identify the disease so minute observation for the initial symptom should be taken with deep concern. Abdomen pain, tarry stools, anaemia, intestinal obstruction and unexplained reduction in weight must be considered at initial examination. Proper radiological examination of abdomen must be done along with colonoscopy and faecal occult blood test must be done and if diagnosis is positive then barium enema and flexible sigmoidoscopy should be done for further follow ups. Treatment Primary treatment for the colorectal cancer is colon surgery but the choice of surgery depends upon the tumour location and organ involved. Post-operative care which involves radiotherapy and chemotherapy must be done in proper nursing care. Teaching Nursing staff should be enough efficient to teach the patients the positive and negative impact of the disease along with proper care. Drug management, pain management and timely maintenance of patient surrounding should be done to avoid post-operative complications. Discharge planning Nurses should instruct the patient about post-operative complication like erythema, chills, wound separation, fever, shortness of breath, and more and advised to visit as soon the complication appears again (Toth, 2006). References Giovannucci E. 2002. Modifiable risk factors for colon cancer. Gastroenterol Clin North Am.31(4):925-43. Haggar FA and Boushey RP. 2009. Colorectal Cancer Epidemiology: Incidence, Mortality, Survival, and Risk Factors. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 22(4): 191197. Cong Tan, Xiang Du. 2012. KRAS mutation testing in metastatic colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol.18(37): 51715180 Gach K, WyrÄâ„ ¢bska A, Fichna J, Janecka A. 2011. The role of morphine in regulation of cancer cell growth. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 384(3): 221230. Hinchey EJ, Richards GK, Prentis J. 1983. Metronidazole as a prophylactic agent in wound infection after colon surgery. Surgery. 93(1-2):197-200. Toth PE. 2006. Ostomy care and rehabilitation in colorectal cancer. Semin Oncol Nurs. 22(3):174-177. Schlussel AT, Gagliano RA Jr, Seto-Donlon S, Eggerding F, Donlon T, Berenberg J, Lynch HT. 2014. The evolution of colorectal cancer genetics-Part 2: clinical implications and applications. J Gastrointest Oncol. 5(5):336-44. Al-Sukhni W, Aronson M, Gallinger S. 2008. Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: familial adenomatous polyposis and lynch syndrome. Surg Clin North Am. 88(4):819-844

Civil Rights Movement Essays (2542 words) - , Term Papers

Civil Rights Movement Most of us, being United States citizens, would like to believe that everyone in this country is living in conditions of utmost freedom and equality. Although according to the constitution this is true, anyone who has ever been the victim of oppression knows not to take equality for granted. Our society has slowly grown to accept the different types of people that live in our country; it is now a lot less common to see people's rights such as freedom and equality being abused. However, the influences of the past, when the living conditions were far less then equal for many groups of people, can still be witnessed today. A fine example of this could be seen through the way in which housing discrimination led to the colonization of Blacks into their own neighborhoods and communities, which eventually led to the creation of ghettos and gangs. Racism, in itself, is a belief that a person holds; it forces another being to be placed at a lower status within one's mind and in the society as a whole. Keeping Blacks and other minorities at a lower level was the principal state of mind for many of the whites during the early part of the twentieth century. This kind of mentality exists in our society till this day among certain groups of people. The cold and harsh manner with which the Blacks were treated takes us all the way back to slavery. Back in those days the majority of this country's population accepted it. The oppressed African Americans eventually began to become more organized and started to fight for the civil rights they deserved as citizens of the United States. Despite the attempts of the Civil Rights Movement, much damage was already done; unfortunately many minds were already tarnished with negative images of what the Black person was and could ever be. In spite of the fact that many Black people were working towards moving up and making a life for themselves, racism continuously kept them from advancing in the society. In the early part of the twentieth century racism placed a strong precedent for the way in which Blacks are today. After the civil war more and more free Blacks began to migrate north. They were seeking the possibility of "better social and economic opportunities" (Abrams 10). The high hopes were soon brought back down, as the Blacks were welcomed to the cities by the overwhelming mentality of the masters looking down on their slaves. They encountered landlord after landlord turning them away because of their unwillingness to rent to Blacks and other newly migrated minorities. It was this constant refusal to integrate housing that eventually caused the creation of minority driven neighborhoods. Since the majority of the whites turned their backs on Blacks and the other minorities, African Americans were forced into forming the types of communities that contained people of their race and poor financial state. Many of them came looking to move ahead in their new lives that they were recently granted by the constitution; but they were only pushed to join the fairly new neighborhoods, which were slums compared to those inhabited by the dominating white residences. The reason for this type of segregation could be explained as another tool of racism for the white man's advantage. The effects of these neighborhoods were more damaging then the simple prevention of Blacks and other minorities from integrating with the whites. By zoning the individual into compartments determined by color, it excluded the opportunity for a fusion of interests. By confining children to separate neighborhood schools and playgrounds, it sharpened the lines of distinction and developed illusions of superiority...It was in housing that segregation received its greatest impetus and momentum. Once rooted there the segregation pattern spread unattested until the Negro ghetto became an accepted part of the American landscape (Abrams 7). "Local authorities used every available weapon to keep the blacks divided; housing was simply the physical expression of this racial policy" (Rudwick 10). Even if a family was able to afford housing in a predominantly white neighborhood, they were still not allowed to move in there. Despite the slow improvement of their economic status Blacks still possessed "...no freedom to move elsewhere. American slums (were) no longer exclusively the product of a discrepancy between rent and wages" (Abrams 10). After being forced to confine themselves to such neighborhoods it was only a matter of time before it was not just the housing that was segregated, it was also an abundant amount of social segregation as

Self Reliance By Emerson Essays - Philosophy, Politics, Free Essays

Self Reliance By Emerson Essays - Philosophy, Politics, Free Essays Self Reliance By Emerson Self-Reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson The quote that most provoked thought and emotion from within me comes from the essay Self-Reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson. To be great is to be misunderstood was used by Emerson to explain the lagging growth of the conception of ideas and thoughts of his generation. Original and novel ideas were scorned by conservatives who believed the best method for learning was by repetition and memorization of proven classics written by previous generations. The continuing timelessness of his quote is still in effect today as the scientific community has evolved to accept unaccustomed theories, yet encounters difficulty when relating to the public new and extreme ideas that rebut the system.In history, the results of individualism has been spread world wide. Important leaders, thinkers, and philosophers with radical ideas in virgin areas of research were making significant finds rapidly. Yet progress was slowed by short-sighted men who failed to see greatness.Aberham Lincoln was a revolutionary in his time with his views on slavery and forgiveness of the South. Yet his death was the result of one man's refusal to accept what was once a proud and rich land reduced to tatters- left to ruin because of her failure to accept civil reform. Herman Melville's work in Moby Dick was considered a classic, yet Melville died a figure with lost prestige, poor and unaccepted. When he was laid to rest in 1891, he was remembered only as the author of entertaining novels of the South Seas. It was not until 1920s when his place in America's foremost writers was assured. His works are now great masterpieces of emotion that were misunderstood while he was still alive.Another important example is democracy. In medieval times, monarchies and kingdoms ruled the land. Today, the monarch is merely a figurehead behind the power of democracy. At the birth of the democratic rise of the United States of America, the colonists were thought of as upstart fools- dreamers believing the impossible. English royalists were aghast at the indignation of the colonies to separate from England and form their own country. In present day, the United States is the sole world power, a great country born out of dreams.Self-Reliance expressed the need for creative thinking. Society during Emerson's era resisted reform and scorned the reformer. Emerson saw individualism in direct conflict with society. The effect of society, he thought, was not to strengthen the individual, but to breed conformity and fear. Although he often criticized society, he stressed more importantly the openness of the individual through the soul. The quote To be great is to be misunderstood reflected upon the lack of acceptance of new thought and theory during his time. Bibliography Emersons Self reliance

Four Major Problems Faced by the US Economy Currently Based on Current Term Paper

Four Major Problems Faced by the US Economy Currently Based on Current Media Reports - Term Paper Example The 2008 financial crisis of United States affected the economies throughout the world and the macroeconomic factors were shaken up. The issue started with the debt crisis when the borrowers were unable to service their loans and thus faced difficulty in paying back the loans. This resulted in the housing market crisis when people ended up with bad loans which in turn resulted in people being deprived off their homes. The credit crunch also led to damage to investors confidence and investors and savers were unwilling to inject the money into the economy which resulted in shortage of money and cash, and this also resulted in the rise of unemployment. US Federal Debt/Deficit Since the financial crisis struck in the year 2008, the US debt has been very high. According to a recent news article, the United States debt is nearly as much as the total value of all its goods and services produced in the US during the financial year. CNBC reports that the total value of the US debt is $14.96 t rillion which means that the United States external debt as a percentage of its GDP stand at 99.46% (CNBC). This is a very high figure and indeed a very dangerous one because high leverage of debt can be very risky. As a matter of fact, it is suggested that every person born in the United States has a debt of $47,664 in the very second it is born. The figure on the left shows that the public debt in the US will surpass the 17 trillion mark by the end of 2012, and indicates how the debts are constantly on the rise, which can be a very alarming situation for the people. (US Government Spending) Not just the rising debts, but the economy also faces the difficulty of constant budget deficits which means the outlay of the United States government is greater than the receipts and this means that the US government has to search for sources to raise the finances. Since the past three years, the US federal deficit has been around the $1300 billion mark. (US Government Spending) Issue of Rais ing Finance As mentioned above, United States economy has become highly leveraged and the debt to GDP percentage is nearly touching the 100 percent mark. This increases the riskiness of the economy and damages the confidence of investors and savers to inject their money into the economy. Investors ask for high returns to take on risky projects and some do not even settle for higher returns due to the fact the people are naturally risk averse. A credit rating agency has downgraded the credit rating of the United States and has gone down from AA+ to AA. Since the credit rating is going down, the investors and savers are reluctant to inject their money into the economy (Yahoo!). This creates a problem for the United States because the US government needs to borrow the money to cover up for the budget deficits they are facing each year. When the government has to inject money into the economy and it is unable to increase its budget receipts, then it has to look for other sources of mone y to cover that deficit and this source is usually to borrow money. With the credit rating going down, less number of savers is ready to save their money and thus it creates a shortage of money for the US government. Not just to finance the budget deficit, the government also faces difficulty in raising the money to service or repay their previous loans. Housing The housing bubble emerged in the United States in the year 2005 when the property prices started to rise and they rose at quite high rates. This increased the

Parenting isnt for everyone Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Parenting isnt for everyone - Research Paper Example Good parenting provides the children with values, morals, ideas and attitudes; while, there is also bad parenting that tends to ruin their whole personalities. To grow into responsible citizens, children want security and affection which is only provided by those parents who are actually willing to be parents and do the tough job of raising kids. Parenting is the process that requires the most patience that one can have because kids are not understanding by nature, and it is a very tactful job to handle them by making them understand little issues. This is why it is believed that everybody does not have what it takes to handle the pressures of raising children, which can lead some to choosing other options. In order to give the reader an idea why parenting is not a favorable choice made by many parents, it is important to discuss first what the pressures of raising children actually are that lead parents to go for other options rather than parenting. The biggest pressure for the parents is that they have to devote themselves whole heartedly to their children. They have to make their life schedules flexible enough to work with their children’s routine. In an intention to fit everything into their busy lives, they start directing their children instead of dealing with them, and this robes them of their personalities, which increases their dependency on their parents. This leaves the parents more stressed out. Parents have to work hard to make both ends meet especially when there is more than one child. They have to cater to their children’s physical and emotional demands no matter how much tired they may be. They have to sacrifice their sleep. They have to plan out their va cations according to children’s comfort. They have to think about providing proper accommodation to the children. Having children puts a hurdle to one’s freedom and increases

The Study Habits of Adult College Students Essay Example for Free

The Study Habits of Adult College Students Essay Abstract: The study habits of adult college students over age 25 were compared to a group of younger students at the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay. The younger students were matched with the older groups on four characteristics: sex, major field of study, semester credit load, and class standing. All 56 participants were undergraduate students (sophomores or juniors) who were registered for the fall 1982 term. The participants kept running records of their study habits, patterns, and difficulties for an academic year. In general, older and younger students showed similar patterns in terms of how much they studied, what activities were engaged in while studying, the time distribution, and places for studying. There was some evidence that older students studied slightly more per credit hour than did younger students. While the total numbers of difficulties encountered in studying were about the same for both groups, the character of the difficulties was noticeably different. Both older and younger students reacted very favorably to having a mixture of the age groups in their classes. Recommendations for working with adult students and suggestions for further study are offered. Appendices include interview schedules and a study log form. (Author/SW) INTRODUCTION It is an understatement to say that the standard of education in Nigeria has fallen. However, it has been realized that students who possess adequate mental abilities sometimes do not perform well in their academic work either because they do not know how to study effectively or they do not use the most effective method of studying. Many questions have been raised by teachers, parents and students themselves on why students perform so poorly academically. Even the state government has shown some concern over this in recent times by introducing low costs books for both primary and secondary schools. Although this was meant to create the desire to study by students, it has not helped the situation much because, students do not read these books. Many of the students complained of lack of time and conducive environment for study, others who try to study complained of lack of understanding. There is no doubt that these complains evidently point to one fact. That is, lack of effective study habits. It is this problem, the researcher wishes to investigate as it appears to be one of the root causes of the dwelling standard of our educational system today. Research questions: * What proportion of junior secondary school students possess good study habit than those in senior secondary school? * Will male students in junior secondary schools perform better than female students in senior secondary schools? Hypothesis: The following conjectural statements were postulated for this study: * There is no significant difference in the study habits of junior and senior secondary school students in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. * There is no significant difference in the study habits of male and female students in junior and senior secondary schools in Egor, Local Government Area of Edo State. * There is no significant difference in the academic performance of male students in the junior secondary schools and female students in Senior Secondary Schools. LITERATURE REVIEW Psychologists as welt as layman have attempted some definitions of the word study. To some of them, study means hard work and is usually associated with school work. To others, study is applicable to other situations in life other than academic work. Mace (2002) pointed out that study is a systematic acquisition of knowledge and an understanding of facts and principles that calls for retention and application. Kelly (1998) stated that study is the application of ones mental capacity to the acquisition, understanding and organization of knowledge; it often involves some form of formal learning. Crow and Crow in Okorodudu (2000) explained that study is a program of subject matter mastery. It involves hard work. However, study involves the individuals thinking, feeling, personality, social interaction, physical activities and health rather than men learning of fact on the thought system for the purpose of recall when asked. For those who belong to the school of thought that study is not only applicable to academic work, Olatubosun in Oladele (2000) explained that a teacher is studying when he examines the results of an experiment, a lawyer when he prepares his case, a salesman when he learns about his product and a citizen when he tries to understand the issues in an upcoming election. Studies require time spent in a deliberate attempt to learn. It should be differentiated from simple leisure to reading. Thomas and Robinson (1990) emphasized that the learner needs to use a systematic discipline and purposive approach to study. Effective study consists of a conscious sequential series of inter-related steps and processes. Okorodudu (1995) asserted that, study involves the total of all behavioral patterns (addition, verbal, psychomotor, emotional) determined purpose and enforced practices that the individual adapts in order to learn and achieve competence.

Book Report Angelas Ashes Essay -- essays research papers

Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt A Look at Irish Culture during the Depression Era Frank Mc Court, the author of Angela’s Ashes, was born during the Great Depression. A few years after immigrating to the United States because their families believed they would find their fortune here, his Irish family moved back to Ireland in hopes of a better life. They were met with only more hardships in their native country. His book shows the struggle and small joys of daily life with siblings, school friends, and the adults in his life. It also provides much insight into the way the people in Ireland lived at that time. The author tells the story from the viewpoint of Frank, the oldest child of a father whose background in "the North" (having been involved with the IRA) causes continual suspicion. His mother, Angela, had never known her father and her own mother is very miserly and offers no help to the woman and her children. Through the course of telling about his own life and his family’s hard times, McCourt touches upon the fighting that went on between the Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland and the toll this had on the Irish people. He also delved deeply into the issue of poverty among the Irish and the many ways they dealt with the hardship in their lives. Life in the Irish city of Limerick is so hard that starvation is a way of life for most of the residents "Consumption," pneumonia, and typhoid are rampant; children go to school barefoot or in pie...

Syria Conflict

Introduction The Syrian Arab Republic is an Arab country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the North, Iraq to the East, Jordan to the South, and Israel to the Southwest. In March 2011, the Syria conflict has begun due to various reasons and is still going on today. This outbreak is one of the key factors which resulted the Arab Spring (Arab Uprising). Arab Spring refers to the democratic uprisings that arose independently and spread across the Arab world in 2011.The protest originated in Tunisia in December 2010 and quickly took hold in Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan. In these countries, the citizens intiatied the protests as the ruling families have been keeping the power for too long (Arab Spring, 2012). In Syria, the conflict goes up to its peak as the revolution against the rule of Syria President Bashar Al-Assad’s (Mr Assad). According to the latest report of the Human Right Organization, mor e than 36,000 people were killed in this civil war (Khera, 2012).In this essay, the roots of the conflict will be traced and analysed using the International relation (IR) theories. Literature Review A literature review has been conducted to investigate the causes of the conflict by applying IR theories. The traditional core of IR relates to issues concerning the development and change of sovereign statehood, in the context of the larger system or society of state. In general, there are four (4) major theoretical traditions in IR and will be covered as part of the study scope: †¢Realism; †¢Liberalism; International Society; and †¢International Political Economy (IPE). Realism Several general realist ideas and assumptions were discussed (Jackson, 2010). These are related to different aspects such as pessimistic view of human nature; international conflicts that are ultimately resolved by war, high regard for the values of national security and state survival and basic scepticism that there can be progress in international politics that is comparable to that in domestic political life. In summary, with realist, states are the most important factor.All states tend to pursue self-interested and their primary concern is survival (Wikipedia). Liberalism The other theory is Liberalism, which started by John Locke in the seventeenth (17th) century. He believed that as the development of technologies and people can master the nature, there are great potential that people could flourish in states that guaranteed individual liberty. Liberals, differ from realist, take a positive view of human nature. And for them, conflict and war are avoidable.According to John Locke, the core concern of Liberalism is the happiness and contentment of individual human beings. A country is in a state of liberalism when a citizen within that country can live their lives and pursue their happiness without other people interference. (Jackson, 2010) There is a major debate betw een idealist Liberalism and pessimist Realism. A main point in this debate is concerned about â€Å"human nature†, as Liberalism takes a positive view of human nature while Realism holds a negative view. (Jackson, 2010) (Arab Spring, 21) International SocietyUnlike Realism and Liberalism International Society is one of classical IR approach which tries to avoid the stark choice between state egotism and conflict and human goodwill and cooperation. Instead of adopting the classical Realist pessimistic view or classical Liberalism optimistic view, it occupies a position between those two and develops that into a separate IR approach. (Jackson, 2010) International Political Economy International Political Economy (IPE) is the debate where they claimed that there is a link between politics and economics as well as the nature and extent of economic globalization.IPE is ultimately concerned with the ways in which political forces (states, institutions, individual actors, etc. ) sha pe the systems through which economic interactions are expressed, and conversely the effect that economic interactions (including the power of collective markets and individuals acting both within and outside them) have upon political structures and outcomes. (Jackson, 2010) Syrian Confliction review The first protest erupted on March 2011 in Deraa after the arrest and torture of some teenagers who were painted with revolutionary slogans on a school wall.In order to manage the uncontrollable chaotic situation, minimum military forces were suitably in place to minimise the protest through the use of checkpoint road blocks. As the protest continued and spread widely over the country the citizens demanded for the President Bashar Al-Assad’s resignation. By July 2011 hundreds of thousand people taking to streets, town and cities across the countries such as Alepo, Hama, Homs and Deraa (BBC, 2012). As the act of protest has become uncontrollable, the government applied the militar y forces to crush the dissent and sending tanks to Deraa in late March 2011.Rockets and mortars were also used to hit the rebel stronghold (See Appendix 1. 1 – Homs Feb 2012). After a month of bombardment, the rebels retreated with an estimate of more than 700 people were killed. People within the country have to flee to neighboring countries such as Turkey up to several months. According to the statistics recorded by the United Nations refugee agency, there are more than 200,000 Syrians who have registered with the agency fled to Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq and Turkey. There was also an unofficial estimate of the refugees which puts the number much higher and those figures are expected to rise.The Government in Jordan as well as other countries permitted the stay of Syrians within the countries, provided with minimum necessities and protection such as food and security guards. All the refugees were instructed to assemble in one common area, allowing the government to take care and control the crowds easily. In this Syria crisis, number of bomb blasts took place in different cities. Many people were killed in the civil war due to the bomb strikes. Apart from causing deaths most of the facilities in the cities were destroyed.The war has deniably resulted various negative implications to Syria in terms of people, environment and asset. The Syrian government has put the blame of these activities to the terrorists which linked to the al-Qeada as well as a shadowy group called al-Nusa Front. The al-Nusa Front has said to be one who controlled and manipulated all the attacks and bombing activities. Based on the latest figures provided by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), the number of deaths reported has been increased to 21067 and 5980 people were killed due to the security forces.Therefore the United Nations has charged the Syrian government and security forces for the violation of international humanitarian law. A peace plan was sugge sted and conducted by the UN envoy, Kofi Annan and the negotiation mission started in April 2012. However as violence escalated, Mr. Annan resigned and withrew from the country. At the same time Mr. Assad still shows no sign of leaving his power and there seems to be no end to the crisis. Trace down the root of the problem. As mentioned in the previous sections, the outbreak of the civil war has brought many negative implications to the country.There appears to have no solution for the civil war. Thus various researches were conducted to investigate and analyse the causes of the problem. In most recent research, Manfreda has pointed critical points which has led to the Syrian uprising (Manfreda, 2012): †¢Political Repression; †¢Unstable Economy; †¢Media influence; and †¢Fear of state power. The political repression is one of the main reasons which causes the outbreak of Syrian war. Since 1950s, there was not any peaceful transfer of power, as the change appears t o happen through a military coup or an uprising (Manfreda, 2012).For instance as soon as the President Bashar al-Assad has inherited the power in 2000, he quickly rushed into the process of reformation while the power remains concentrated in the ruling family. Besides political repression, the unstability of economy in Syria is believed to be one of the causes which led to the uprising. The economy in Syria has become unsustainable due to the quick expansion of the population. At present the population in Syria is estimated to be 20 million, with an average growth rate of 2. 4 percents. Based on the statistical review this figure stays among one of the world’s highest growth rate.A Syrian economist, Nail Sukkar has agreed that Syria is currently having a problem with the oversizing of population. It is difficult for the government to sustain the citizens by providing sufficient welfares and healthcares. The unemployment rate has increased because the government is not able to create sufficient job opportunities to the people. An official figure was reported by the governmnet stating that the unemployment rate is estimated to be 10 percents. However with the combination of other independent estimates the rate of unemployment is believed to be approximately 25 percents.In addition, the natural disaster such as persistent drought struck north-eastern of Syria. This has caused a severe devastation to the farming communities and affected more than a million of people since 2008. Due to the negligence of the government, thousands of farmer families were suffered from poverty. These people from the farming communities have vented their angers and frustrations through participation of the protest activities. Furthermore due to the cautious reform of the remnants of socialism, it opened the door to private investment which in turn triggered an explosion of consumerism among the urban upper-middle classes.However, privatization has favored families with personal links to Assad, which made the jobs remained scarce for people within the country (Manfreda, 2012). Apart from that the awareness was raised by different means of media. The advancement in technology has exposed the people to the world issues throguh various approaches for instance internet. Previously the government tried to refrain the youths from exposing to more information by limiting the means of media. However the attempt was failed since the state media is no longer the main channel to the citizens.The use of the new media is critical to the activist networks that underpin the uprising in Syria (Manfreda, 2012). Although the fear of state of the citizens has existed for a very long time since the ruling of Assad family, the brutal responses to the people in the peaceful protest in Spring 2011 has outraged the people. As a result of the snowball effect, more citizens joined the protest. Additionally, many Syrians resent the fact that so much power is monopolised by the Alawi families, a Shiite religious minority to which the Assad family belong.Although this is not considered as the driving force of the uprising in Syria, the combination of a majority Sunni pretest movement and an Alawi-dominated military has added to the tension in religiously mixed areas, such as city of Homs (Manfreda, 2012). Analysis the problem using IR theoretical. The causes led to the outbreak of the Syrian war were discussed in the former section. In this section the problems will be analysed using the IR theory. Irrefutably, the brutal and aggressive way of ruling in Syria by Assad family triggered the anger of the people in the country.The Realism theory can be accounted for the approach adopted by the Assad family in ruling the country. As stated in the Realism theory, as a human character, people always desire to be in driver’s seat. Thucydides (1972:406) also stated that the standard of justice depends on the equality to compel and that in act the strong do what the y have to power to do and the weak accept what they have to accept Also, Machiavelli (1984:66) indicated the main responsibility of the ruler is always to seek the advantages and to defend the interests of their state and thus ensure the survival.In this , President Bashar Al-Assad’s ways of ruling the country is understandable, as he wants to lead the country to the new path of development, which can secure the country state and position amongst the Arab countries (Robert, 2010). However, these action moves created a massive conflict between the citizens and Assad family as the security of the citizens is being abused. This has directly caused he citizens losing their senses of security with the ruling family and consequently the rebellion arose.According to Thomas Hobbes , he believes that Sovereign states are the principal factor in international system. States are inherently always obsessed with security which might lead to â€Å"security dilemima† whereby increasi ng one’s security power can bring along even greater instability as an opposing power builds up its own arms in response. Since ruling Syria, the Assad family had built up a very strong security power through various means such as developing the massive destruction weapons.This has indeed intimidated the safety of the neighbouring Arab countie and it is now understandable why certain countries such as Turkey and Isarel supported the rebel by providing armors and weapons for the people to go against the government. At the same time, Mr. Assad was assisted by Russia with the supply of weapons to continue fighting in the war. Therefore the situation has gone worse due to the supports from other countries in the war. With Liberalism theory, liberals believe that monopoly in power must be avoided.With the Republican liberalism theory, it is believed that democary states do not go against each other as they share the same moral values, and to their mutually benifical tie of economi c cooperation and interdependence. However, for the Arab countries in general and Syria in specific, the monarchy system has been adopted by these countries over the centuries. Based on the findings in the previous section, it was identified that there is no peaceful power transfer in Syria since 1970. The prolonged imbalanced situation has resulted in the rise of the awareness among the citizens.Besides the issues of wealth and porverty mentioned by IPE are critical in the world of politic. Violent conflicts nowadays can even take place inside the states due to the unstable economy, especially the weak states where the conflict can be bonded up with the development and underdevelopment. Since 1970, the Assad family has been tightly manipulated the economy. All the privileges of ecocomy went to the family and thus creating an imbalanced condition between the ruler and citizens. In addition, due to the overgrowth of population, there were no adequate job opportunities provided by the government to the citizens.As a result the unemployment rate has increased causing the people to suffer from poverty. Conclusion In a nutshell, the revolution in Syria is inevitable due to the number of reasons such as the adoption of monarchy system and unstability of economy. It is believed that the only way to terminate the civil war is through the assistance of external forces to suppress the furious citizens and introduce a fair and transparent political process for the selection of new ruler in the country for instance through the adoptation of democracy system.Bibliography Wikipedia. (n. d. ). Realism (international relations). Retrieved 11 17, 2012, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Realism_(international_relations) Arab Spring. (2012, 09 21). Retrieved 11 20, 2012, from Sourcewatch: http://www. sourcewatch. org/index. php? title=Arab_Spring BBC. (2012, 08 30). Syria: The story of the conflict. Retrieved 11 04, 2012, from BBC news: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-middl e-east-19331551 Jackson, R. (2010). Introduction to International relations Throries and approaches.Oxford University Press. Khera, J. (2012, 05 29). Syria crisis: Counting the victims. Retrieved 11 04, 2012, from BBC News: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-middle-east-18093967 Manfreda, P. (2012). Syrian Uprising : Top ten reasons for the uprising in Syria. Retrieved 11 5, 2012, from middleeast. about. com: http://middleeast. about. com/od/syria/tp/Syrian-Uprising. htm Robert, G. (2010). Realism. In Introduction to International Relations (pp. 59-94). Oxfords: Oxfords Univerity Press.

World War I And Its Effects On America - 1703 Words

At the time the U.S. entered into World War, it had already been raging for some time. Between the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand during the tension between Austria-Hungary and Russia for the sake of dominance, the increasing competition from Japan for Chinese trade, and the increasingly offensive tactics of Germany concerning the U.S., the American population began to contemplate whether or not America should get involved, a topic that is still debated to this day. World War I and its effects were perceived as both good and bad by different people before, during, and after the war, interventionists saying it would be beneficial for patriotic and social aspects of America, and isolationists saying it would be harmful due to a†¦show more content†¦Another event that bolsters the fact that Americans strongly believed in the power and necessity of democracy during this time was the Red Scare. This was a short period in which, due to the popping up of communist ideals in European countries, Americans feared and defended against the infiltration of communism into the United States, seeking to maintain democracy. The combination of these beliefs and events show that America was heavily invested in its democratic ideals and wanted to spread them, encouraging them to enter the war for this cause. Another reason why Americans wanted to enter the war was due to the fact that Germany was becoming increasingly aggressive toward the U.S. The sinking of the Lusitania and the interception of the Zimmermann Telegram, a communication between Germany and Mexico where Germany asked Mexico to attack the U.S. to distract them in exchange for land, both played a part in rallying support for entrance into the war. This pro-war sentiment was also expressed after the war, as is clearly evidenced by the support for the Treaty of Versailles, which included the rejected proposal for the League of Nations, among some people. Some people, such as Herbert Hoover, argue th at the League of Nations is crucial to the economic recovery of Europe from the war and should be ratified for that reason (Doc 3). He sent this in a letter to Woodrow Wilson - a strong advocate for the League of Nations and the man who