Book Report Angelas Ashes Essay -- essays research papers

Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt A Look at Irish Culture during the Depression Era Frank Mc Court, the author of Angela’s Ashes, was born during the Great Depression. A few years after immigrating to the United States because their families believed they would find their fortune here, his Irish family moved back to Ireland in hopes of a better life. They were met with only more hardships in their native country. His book shows the struggle and small joys of daily life with siblings, school friends, and the adults in his life. It also provides much insight into the way the people in Ireland lived at that time. The author tells the story from the viewpoint of Frank, the oldest child of a father whose background in "the North" (having been involved with the IRA) causes continual suspicion. His mother, Angela, had never known her father and her own mother is very miserly and offers no help to the woman and her children. Through the course of telling about his own life and his family’s hard times, McCourt touches upon the fighting that went on between the Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland and the toll this had on the Irish people. He also delved deeply into the issue of poverty among the Irish and the many ways they dealt with the hardship in their lives. Life in the Irish city of Limerick is so hard that starvation is a way of life for most of the residents "Consumption," pneumonia, and typhoid are rampant; children go to school barefoot or in pie...

Syria Conflict

Introduction The Syrian Arab Republic is an Arab country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the North, Iraq to the East, Jordan to the South, and Israel to the Southwest. In March 2011, the Syria conflict has begun due to various reasons and is still going on today. This outbreak is one of the key factors which resulted the Arab Spring (Arab Uprising). Arab Spring refers to the democratic uprisings that arose independently and spread across the Arab world in 2011.The protest originated in Tunisia in December 2010 and quickly took hold in Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan. In these countries, the citizens intiatied the protests as the ruling families have been keeping the power for too long (Arab Spring, 2012). In Syria, the conflict goes up to its peak as the revolution against the rule of Syria President Bashar Al-Assad’s (Mr Assad). According to the latest report of the Human Right Organization, mor e than 36,000 people were killed in this civil war (Khera, 2012).In this essay, the roots of the conflict will be traced and analysed using the International relation (IR) theories. Literature Review A literature review has been conducted to investigate the causes of the conflict by applying IR theories. The traditional core of IR relates to issues concerning the development and change of sovereign statehood, in the context of the larger system or society of state. In general, there are four (4) major theoretical traditions in IR and will be covered as part of the study scope: †¢Realism; †¢Liberalism; International Society; and †¢International Political Economy (IPE). Realism Several general realist ideas and assumptions were discussed (Jackson, 2010). These are related to different aspects such as pessimistic view of human nature; international conflicts that are ultimately resolved by war, high regard for the values of national security and state survival and basic scepticism that there can be progress in international politics that is comparable to that in domestic political life. In summary, with realist, states are the most important factor.All states tend to pursue self-interested and their primary concern is survival (Wikipedia). Liberalism The other theory is Liberalism, which started by John Locke in the seventeenth (17th) century. He believed that as the development of technologies and people can master the nature, there are great potential that people could flourish in states that guaranteed individual liberty. Liberals, differ from realist, take a positive view of human nature. And for them, conflict and war are avoidable.According to John Locke, the core concern of Liberalism is the happiness and contentment of individual human beings. A country is in a state of liberalism when a citizen within that country can live their lives and pursue their happiness without other people interference. (Jackson, 2010) There is a major debate betw een idealist Liberalism and pessimist Realism. A main point in this debate is concerned about â€Å"human nature†, as Liberalism takes a positive view of human nature while Realism holds a negative view. (Jackson, 2010) (Arab Spring, 21) International SocietyUnlike Realism and Liberalism International Society is one of classical IR approach which tries to avoid the stark choice between state egotism and conflict and human goodwill and cooperation. Instead of adopting the classical Realist pessimistic view or classical Liberalism optimistic view, it occupies a position between those two and develops that into a separate IR approach. (Jackson, 2010) International Political Economy International Political Economy (IPE) is the debate where they claimed that there is a link between politics and economics as well as the nature and extent of economic globalization.IPE is ultimately concerned with the ways in which political forces (states, institutions, individual actors, etc. ) sha pe the systems through which economic interactions are expressed, and conversely the effect that economic interactions (including the power of collective markets and individuals acting both within and outside them) have upon political structures and outcomes. (Jackson, 2010) Syrian Confliction review The first protest erupted on March 2011 in Deraa after the arrest and torture of some teenagers who were painted with revolutionary slogans on a school wall.In order to manage the uncontrollable chaotic situation, minimum military forces were suitably in place to minimise the protest through the use of checkpoint road blocks. As the protest continued and spread widely over the country the citizens demanded for the President Bashar Al-Assad’s resignation. By July 2011 hundreds of thousand people taking to streets, town and cities across the countries such as Alepo, Hama, Homs and Deraa (BBC, 2012). As the act of protest has become uncontrollable, the government applied the militar y forces to crush the dissent and sending tanks to Deraa in late March 2011.Rockets and mortars were also used to hit the rebel stronghold (See Appendix 1. 1 – Homs Feb 2012). After a month of bombardment, the rebels retreated with an estimate of more than 700 people were killed. People within the country have to flee to neighboring countries such as Turkey up to several months. According to the statistics recorded by the United Nations refugee agency, there are more than 200,000 Syrians who have registered with the agency fled to Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq and Turkey. There was also an unofficial estimate of the refugees which puts the number much higher and those figures are expected to rise.The Government in Jordan as well as other countries permitted the stay of Syrians within the countries, provided with minimum necessities and protection such as food and security guards. All the refugees were instructed to assemble in one common area, allowing the government to take care and control the crowds easily. In this Syria crisis, number of bomb blasts took place in different cities. Many people were killed in the civil war due to the bomb strikes. Apart from causing deaths most of the facilities in the cities were destroyed.The war has deniably resulted various negative implications to Syria in terms of people, environment and asset. The Syrian government has put the blame of these activities to the terrorists which linked to the al-Qeada as well as a shadowy group called al-Nusa Front. The al-Nusa Front has said to be one who controlled and manipulated all the attacks and bombing activities. Based on the latest figures provided by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), the number of deaths reported has been increased to 21067 and 5980 people were killed due to the security forces.Therefore the United Nations has charged the Syrian government and security forces for the violation of international humanitarian law. A peace plan was sugge sted and conducted by the UN envoy, Kofi Annan and the negotiation mission started in April 2012. However as violence escalated, Mr. Annan resigned and withrew from the country. At the same time Mr. Assad still shows no sign of leaving his power and there seems to be no end to the crisis. Trace down the root of the problem. As mentioned in the previous sections, the outbreak of the civil war has brought many negative implications to the country.There appears to have no solution for the civil war. Thus various researches were conducted to investigate and analyse the causes of the problem. In most recent research, Manfreda has pointed critical points which has led to the Syrian uprising (Manfreda, 2012): †¢Political Repression; †¢Unstable Economy; †¢Media influence; and †¢Fear of state power. The political repression is one of the main reasons which causes the outbreak of Syrian war. Since 1950s, there was not any peaceful transfer of power, as the change appears t o happen through a military coup or an uprising (Manfreda, 2012).For instance as soon as the President Bashar al-Assad has inherited the power in 2000, he quickly rushed into the process of reformation while the power remains concentrated in the ruling family. Besides political repression, the unstability of economy in Syria is believed to be one of the causes which led to the uprising. The economy in Syria has become unsustainable due to the quick expansion of the population. At present the population in Syria is estimated to be 20 million, with an average growth rate of 2. 4 percents. Based on the statistical review this figure stays among one of the world’s highest growth rate.A Syrian economist, Nail Sukkar has agreed that Syria is currently having a problem with the oversizing of population. It is difficult for the government to sustain the citizens by providing sufficient welfares and healthcares. The unemployment rate has increased because the government is not able to create sufficient job opportunities to the people. An official figure was reported by the governmnet stating that the unemployment rate is estimated to be 10 percents. However with the combination of other independent estimates the rate of unemployment is believed to be approximately 25 percents.In addition, the natural disaster such as persistent drought struck north-eastern of Syria. This has caused a severe devastation to the farming communities and affected more than a million of people since 2008. Due to the negligence of the government, thousands of farmer families were suffered from poverty. These people from the farming communities have vented their angers and frustrations through participation of the protest activities. Furthermore due to the cautious reform of the remnants of socialism, it opened the door to private investment which in turn triggered an explosion of consumerism among the urban upper-middle classes.However, privatization has favored families with personal links to Assad, which made the jobs remained scarce for people within the country (Manfreda, 2012). Apart from that the awareness was raised by different means of media. The advancement in technology has exposed the people to the world issues throguh various approaches for instance internet. Previously the government tried to refrain the youths from exposing to more information by limiting the means of media. However the attempt was failed since the state media is no longer the main channel to the citizens.The use of the new media is critical to the activist networks that underpin the uprising in Syria (Manfreda, 2012). Although the fear of state of the citizens has existed for a very long time since the ruling of Assad family, the brutal responses to the people in the peaceful protest in Spring 2011 has outraged the people. As a result of the snowball effect, more citizens joined the protest. Additionally, many Syrians resent the fact that so much power is monopolised by the Alawi families, a Shiite religious minority to which the Assad family belong.Although this is not considered as the driving force of the uprising in Syria, the combination of a majority Sunni pretest movement and an Alawi-dominated military has added to the tension in religiously mixed areas, such as city of Homs (Manfreda, 2012). Analysis the problem using IR theoretical. The causes led to the outbreak of the Syrian war were discussed in the former section. In this section the problems will be analysed using the IR theory. Irrefutably, the brutal and aggressive way of ruling in Syria by Assad family triggered the anger of the people in the country.The Realism theory can be accounted for the approach adopted by the Assad family in ruling the country. As stated in the Realism theory, as a human character, people always desire to be in driver’s seat. Thucydides (1972:406) also stated that the standard of justice depends on the equality to compel and that in act the strong do what the y have to power to do and the weak accept what they have to accept Also, Machiavelli (1984:66) indicated the main responsibility of the ruler is always to seek the advantages and to defend the interests of their state and thus ensure the survival.In this , President Bashar Al-Assad’s ways of ruling the country is understandable, as he wants to lead the country to the new path of development, which can secure the country state and position amongst the Arab countries (Robert, 2010). However, these action moves created a massive conflict between the citizens and Assad family as the security of the citizens is being abused. This has directly caused he citizens losing their senses of security with the ruling family and consequently the rebellion arose.According to Thomas Hobbes , he believes that Sovereign states are the principal factor in international system. States are inherently always obsessed with security which might lead to â€Å"security dilemima† whereby increasi ng one’s security power can bring along even greater instability as an opposing power builds up its own arms in response. Since ruling Syria, the Assad family had built up a very strong security power through various means such as developing the massive destruction weapons.This has indeed intimidated the safety of the neighbouring Arab countie and it is now understandable why certain countries such as Turkey and Isarel supported the rebel by providing armors and weapons for the people to go against the government. At the same time, Mr. Assad was assisted by Russia with the supply of weapons to continue fighting in the war. Therefore the situation has gone worse due to the supports from other countries in the war. With Liberalism theory, liberals believe that monopoly in power must be avoided.With the Republican liberalism theory, it is believed that democary states do not go against each other as they share the same moral values, and to their mutually benifical tie of economi c cooperation and interdependence. However, for the Arab countries in general and Syria in specific, the monarchy system has been adopted by these countries over the centuries. Based on the findings in the previous section, it was identified that there is no peaceful power transfer in Syria since 1970. The prolonged imbalanced situation has resulted in the rise of the awareness among the citizens.Besides the issues of wealth and porverty mentioned by IPE are critical in the world of politic. Violent conflicts nowadays can even take place inside the states due to the unstable economy, especially the weak states where the conflict can be bonded up with the development and underdevelopment. Since 1970, the Assad family has been tightly manipulated the economy. All the privileges of ecocomy went to the family and thus creating an imbalanced condition between the ruler and citizens. In addition, due to the overgrowth of population, there were no adequate job opportunities provided by the government to the citizens.As a result the unemployment rate has increased causing the people to suffer from poverty. Conclusion In a nutshell, the revolution in Syria is inevitable due to the number of reasons such as the adoption of monarchy system and unstability of economy. It is believed that the only way to terminate the civil war is through the assistance of external forces to suppress the furious citizens and introduce a fair and transparent political process for the selection of new ruler in the country for instance through the adoptation of democracy system.Bibliography Wikipedia. (n. d. ). Realism (international relations). Retrieved 11 17, 2012, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Realism_(international_relations) Arab Spring. (2012, 09 21). Retrieved 11 20, 2012, from Sourcewatch: http://www. sourcewatch. org/index. php? title=Arab_Spring BBC. (2012, 08 30). Syria: The story of the conflict. Retrieved 11 04, 2012, from BBC news: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-middl e-east-19331551 Jackson, R. (2010). Introduction to International relations Throries and approaches.Oxford University Press. Khera, J. (2012, 05 29). Syria crisis: Counting the victims. Retrieved 11 04, 2012, from BBC News: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-middle-east-18093967 Manfreda, P. (2012). Syrian Uprising : Top ten reasons for the uprising in Syria. Retrieved 11 5, 2012, from middleeast. about. com: http://middleeast. about. com/od/syria/tp/Syrian-Uprising. htm Robert, G. (2010). Realism. In Introduction to International Relations (pp. 59-94). Oxfords: Oxfords Univerity Press.

World War I And Its Effects On America - 1703 Words

At the time the U.S. entered into World War, it had already been raging for some time. Between the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand during the tension between Austria-Hungary and Russia for the sake of dominance, the increasing competition from Japan for Chinese trade, and the increasingly offensive tactics of Germany concerning the U.S., the American population began to contemplate whether or not America should get involved, a topic that is still debated to this day. World War I and its effects were perceived as both good and bad by different people before, during, and after the war, interventionists saying it would be beneficial for patriotic and social aspects of America, and isolationists saying it would be harmful due to a†¦show more content†¦Another event that bolsters the fact that Americans strongly believed in the power and necessity of democracy during this time was the Red Scare. This was a short period in which, due to the popping up of communist ideals in European countries, Americans feared and defended against the infiltration of communism into the United States, seeking to maintain democracy. The combination of these beliefs and events show that America was heavily invested in its democratic ideals and wanted to spread them, encouraging them to enter the war for this cause. Another reason why Americans wanted to enter the war was due to the fact that Germany was becoming increasingly aggressive toward the U.S. The sinking of the Lusitania and the interception of the Zimmermann Telegram, a communication between Germany and Mexico where Germany asked Mexico to attack the U.S. to distract them in exchange for land, both played a part in rallying support for entrance into the war. This pro-war sentiment was also expressed after the war, as is clearly evidenced by the support for the Treaty of Versailles, which included the rejected proposal for the League of Nations, among some people. Some people, such as Herbert Hoover, argue th at the League of Nations is crucial to the economic recovery of Europe from the war and should be ratified for that reason (Doc 3). He sent this in a letter to Woodrow Wilson - a strong advocate for the League of Nations and the man who

Einsteins Theory of Relativity Essay - 3227 Words

Motion and time are fundamental components of life. Finding himself late to work, an employee will drive faster, which in turn, will reduce the time needed to commute to his job. The rules of motion and time are known intrinsically to every person on the planet. As children, these â€Å"Laws† become common sense. No explanation is needed when a sleeping student falls out of his desk onto the floor. Motion and time were always considered to be self-explanatory and obvious parts of everyday life. This was true until a group of scientists who deemed themselves â€Å"Physicists† began challenging the known rules of motion and explaining them using mathematics and experimentation. Isaac Newton was one of these founding fathers of†¦show more content†¦Einstein was born March 14, 1879 to Jewish parents living in Ulm Germany. His father was a feather bed salesman and his mother was an heiress to a fortune from her father’s side. He was a shy child who disliked authority and the acceptance of conventional ideas. His rejection of the widely accepted is most likely what drove him to peer into the physical world that so many had overlooked. His first observation of a magnetic compass which was given to him by his father spurred his curiosity in the physical sciences and its mysterious forces. He began studying math at age 12 and quickly found himself absorbed in study. He began studying Euclidean Plane Geometry and taught himself Calculus. He applied for admission to the Zurich Polytechnic Institute in Switzerland in 1984 which involved taking a tough entrance exam (Wikipedia, Albert Einstein 1). Though failing the French, chemistry and biology portion, he did so well on the math and physics portions that he convinced the principle of the school to admit him the following year at the age of 16 (Kaku 40). He met his love, Mileva Mirac, and graduated from the university. 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The Problem Of Violence Against Women - 1644 Words

Literature Review The problem my group decided to address is violence against women. Violence against women can be defined as a pattern of abusive, violent or coercive behaviors. These behaviors are used against the victim in an intimate relationship to control their thoughts, beliefs or behaviors. The abuser uses violence to hold power and dominance over the victim of violence. Not only do they physically violate the victim, they also isolate the individual from her support system, making it tougher for her to receive help and leave the horrific situation. This is a prevalent issue in America that does not receive the attention it deserves. According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, every nine seconds a woman in the United States is being assaulted, that equivalates to one in every three woman have been a victim of some form of violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime. According to Evaluating the Effect of a Specialized MSW Course on Violence Against Women, it is evident that rates of violence against women occur at astonishing rates in the United States. A national survey’s results exemplify these rates, the results indicated that 52% of women were physically assaulted as a child by an adult caretaker or as an adult by any type of perpetrator; 18% experienced a completed or attempted rape at some point in their lives; and 8% reported being stalked at some point in their lives (McMahon, Postmus, Warrener, Plummer Schwartz, 2013). Women whoShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Violence Against Women Essay2170 Words   |  9 Pageswoman under domestic violence, the purview of violence stretches long. This work tries to look into all the aspects of violence against women. From the horrifying domestic violence to the ridiculous political violence, in form of the haphazard laws and amendments. 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Leadership Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management

Question: Write an essay on Leadership. Answer: Introduction A leader is a person who holds a position in a company or any organization who has an authority as in the degree of control among his followers. He commonly has a lot of influence over others. A good leader has the ability to manage a group of followers effectively in the right direction and serves as an inspiration to them. A successful leader is a person who is passionate, makes way for his followers to tread along, and operates in a group in such a way that everyone around him is benefitted through his actions. Jim Callaghan (1970) stated that a leader should not necessarily be consistent in everything to appear consistent. The duties of the leader may seem simple for a spectator but the difficulties and the struggles that he faces are insurmountable. An astute leader is an efficient individual who runs a small-business and know his job. He has been in the field for relatively many years and has made his research and survey good enough to predict the outcomes for every change that happen in the market. He knows the market around him better than anyone. He has a long term vision and can determine how the market may face changes at any point of time (Doyle Jr. 2013). This vision is only possible when he has a thorough knowledge about the market scenario and does his homework rather than just working partially. A boss can act only when he is within an organization but a leader can act and shine anywhere. He is always prepared to take on the challenges that come approaching his way. The astute leaders always make sure that he stays organized in order to be ready for anything. This gives the leader the head start of not panicking when an unexpected situation arises. As much as he knows his market and is prepared to face any new obstacles in the business, he also must know about his employees by constantly staying in touch with them (Aaker, Kumar Day 2008). The employees are provided with assessments of their performances and are given the necessary feedback. App reciation is a must and their work is always noticed and their input is praised. This type of leadership is necessary in a small business that can potentially lead the business to different levels of success (Efford 2012). Followership Followership may be defined as the ability to follow a specific interest or a person and to support the same to maximize the efforts of the interested field or the person. Followership however is highly undervalued. There has not been enough funding and time spent on researching about followership. Followership is just as important as leadership. A book search in the website amazon.com showed results of book titles of more than 95,000 (Bjugstad et. al., 2006). But the search in the same website on followership showed results less than 1,000 titles which were mostly on political and spiritual followership. It has come out that the leadership is not a one way channel but actually a two-way process. The cooperation of the followers is more than just essential for a leader to succeed in the target that he aims to achieve. Hansen (1987) has told that an effective followership means that a leaders authority has been accepted and complying of the visions of the leader would be taken up. The small business needs higher concentration on focus on the market since the company is still in the developing stage and needs much working on. The followers are not generally motivated by what the leaders expect them to do but actually are motivated with the leaders taking the time to care about what an individual follower wants at a specific point of time (Goleman, Boyatzis McKee 2001). Astute leaders think about their team and the companys welfare more often than they think what is best for them. There are three things that a follower needs in order for him to successfully complete any job that is assigned to him. He needs the confidence that he can do the work without any obstacles during the process. They require knowing that the astute leader truly trusts them in doing the work (Forbes 2016). This is usually very important they know that they are trusted which would shatter their confidence if not. The trust the leaders shower upon them gives them the courage to work on the a ssignment even when they know that they cant possibly do the best. The relationship between a leader and a follower is mutual (Lickerman 2013). There should be an equilibrium state where the process is symbiotic and they both are equally benefitted. This defines how they both are needed in a system for effective outcome in any organization. The leader is nothing without the involvement of a follower who would comply with the rules and regulations of a superior authority who guides them towards a fixed common goal. Kelly (1992) formulated a theory by studying the thoughts of followers and categorized them into four different types. Alienated followers are the people who are always skeptical of the leaders decisions in a healthy way. And there are conformist followers are the followers who exactly follow what they are told them to do. They dont question the methods but are happy to complete the tasks assigned to them on time without any problems (Kelley 1992). Passive followers mostly require the leader to do the thinking for them. They need to be guided entirely through any task assigned to them. And finally, there are the exemplary followers who are generally independent, innovative and are willing to question the methods in which the leadership is handled. They are well aware of how their works are to be done and require no assistance or guidance (Malhotra 2008). Yin And Yang Of A Successful Leadership Practice The yin and yang represent the general conflicting entities black and white of any scenario. But the fact that needs to be considered here with the inclusion of leader and a follower is that they both are not exactly in conflict but are in accordance with each other represented by grey color. This is the mutual concern of both the leader and his followers. The yin and yang also represent the followers and the leader where the follower is ready to receive, has intuition and is thoughtful of the tasks assigned to him and the leader is the yang where he has the qualities of energy, achievement and drives encouragement (Linton nd). Communication is an effective way to control this grey portion of the theory where the followers make their voices heard with the leader. The leader, in turn, voices his thoughts to the followers before he makes a decision (Peterson 2013). Making the decision alone is not appropriate. Proper analysis of the followers opinions in mind must determine the directi on in which the decision should be made. Leaders and followers are more similar than different. Goleman et.al (2002) described followership as a mirror image of leadership. Successful leaders constantly work on their leadership styles that can work on their followers. Followers may react differently for every different style of leaderships that leaders handle (Mindtools nd). Having the sense to understand the followers on what suits them is where the degree of excellence comes in for the leader to be the better one. The followers see the tasks as opportunities to learn and fulfill the expectations of any organization if they do the task with the leader by their side continuously giving them feedback and appreciation throughout. Guidance from the leader and the cooperation from the follower play a vital role in determining the success of a company in a market surrounded by tough competitors. The competitors also have the company also has a set of leader and followers that will be rea son for their progress and future success. As mentioned earlier, the relationship must be symbiotic (Vecchio 2005). The outcome of a success is not possible without the proper relationship between the leader and the followers. A good leader must understand the needs of the followers and work in the direction that would satisfy them and promote the companys growth. The actions in both leader and followers action is that a leader should be able to step down to walk with the followers and the followers should step up their game to walk faster. The differences between the both are very minimal as their contributions are equally important in deciding the success of a company (Thompson McHugh 2009). Appropriate methods are to be handled by the leader that does not affect anyones feelings or must never be overburdening to a fellow follower. The guidance that a leader gives the followers is important and it must be in accordance with the nature of the specific follower. Giving out the same type of guidance to ever followers is a bad idea to be following. There are other ways to analyze the follower behavior and to direct them to their own comfort zone. The followers make up the leaders as they are the primary cases who give rise to the successful leaders. Without followers there cant be any leader. If the theorists understand this, more researches would be targeted on this regard (Zhang et. Al. 2015). The followers mindsets and perspectives are yet to be understood clearly whereas we already have more than enough studies about how a leader should be and what his roles and duties are. Conclusion This argument clearly shows the importance of followership in the successful leadership practices. Most of the theories that are made nowadays are focused on the leadership part and they fail to analyze the followership criteria in the process. The researchers are slowly realizing the need to understand the followers with the same intensity they are doing for the leaders. Leaders should be capable of combining their self-centeredness with other-centeredness (Wilson 2013). They should serve as a role model and inspire the followers directly or indirectly in every way. The astute leader should act in an isolated manner away from the followers when they are not to be interrupted and must step down when their followers need guidance in handling the task. The taskforce management is the key aspect in the yin-yang relationship as it comes around in more numbers than that of the leaders. The leaders must never show favoritism within his set of followers as that destroys the trust they have on the leader and would probably backfire. The time frames and the standards that are expected of the followers must not come out in a strict way. Instead, leading them by examples may be the right approach in making them understand what they are required to do. The leaders actions can have a huge influence in the performance of the followers. A good leader does not need teaching regarding this. He allows the followers to be a little flexible to be self-driven and be decisive. The followers on the other hand, should learn to trust their leaders and accept him on his insights and ideologies. Follower should act in unison to provide a complete solution. The followers are to be well-aware of their surroundings. There are good and bad followers. Effective followers manage themselves well. Some do not have the critical thinking ability to work on the orders of a leader without questioning and some are independent and can work on their own without any requirement of assistance or guidance . Finally, it can be concluded that the leader and the followers are mutually important and are not less than each other. Their work should be cooperative and without that the companys productivity would suffer from severe blows in the market. The leaders must understand this and get to know the feelings of the followers thoroughly before they deicide doing any major changes for an organization. References Aaker, D.A., Kumar, V. and Day, G.S., 2008.Marketing research. John Wiley Sons. Bjugstad, K., Thach, E.C., Thompson, K.J. and Morris, A., 2006. A fresh look at followership: A model for matching followership and leadership styles. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management,7(3), p.304. Doyle Jr., William P. 2013. The Yin Yang of leadership. Available from . [Accessed 18-May 2016] Efford, C. 2012. The Yin and Yang of leadership. Available from . [Accessed 18-May 2016] Forbes, 2016. Effective leadership : How to be more than just a boss. Available from . [Accessed 18-May 2016] Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. and McKee, A., 2001. Primal leadership: The hidden driver of great performance.Harvard business review,79(11), pp.42-53. Johnson, Samantha. 2015. The Yin and Yang of modern leadership : Being Good at contradiction. Available from . [Accessed 18-May 2016] Kelley, R.E., 1992.The power of followership: How to create leaders people want to follow, and followers who lead themselves. Broadway Business. Lickerman, A. 2013. Psychology Today. Available from [Accessed 18-May 2016] Linton, I. What is an astute leader? Available from [Accessed 18-May 2016] Malhotra, N.K., 2008.Marketing research: An applied orientation, 5/e. Pearson Education India. Mindtools Editorial Team. What is leadership? Available from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_41.htm [Accessed 18-May 2016] Peterson, G. 2013. Leadership 310: The Four Principles of 'Followership'. Available from https://www.forbes.com/sites/garypeterson/2013/04/23/the-four-principles-of-followership/#3ee4d7af5ebe. [Accessed 18-May 2016] Thompson, P. and McHugh, D., 2009.Work organisations: a critical approach. Palgrave Macmillan. Vecchio, R.P., 2005.Organizational behavior: Core concepts. South-Western Pub. Wilson, F.M., 2013.Organizational behaviour and work: a critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Zhang, Y., Waldman, D.A., Han, Y.L. and Li, X.B., 2015. Paradoxical leader behaviors in people management: Antecedents and consequences. Academy of Management Journal,58(2), pp.538-566.

Jolly Java free essay sample

Jolly’s Java and Bakery Jolly’s Java and Bakery For the SWOT analysis, I chose evaluate the business plan for Jolly’s Java and Bakery. JJB is a bakery and coffee shop managed by two partners, Austin Patterson and David Fields. The company offers a broad range of coffee and espresso products at competitive prices, all from high quality Columbian grown imported coffee beans. In addition, the bakery will provide freshly prepared bakery and pastry products at all times during business operations. Catering to all of its customers by providing each customer coffee and espresso products made to suit the customer is a top priority. During the SWOT analysis, I discovered the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the company. The background experience of the owners strengthens many areas in the business plan. Austin Patterson has extensive experience in sales, marketing, and management, and was vice president of marketing with both Jansonne Jansonne and Burper Foods. We will write a custom essay sample on Jolly Java or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page David Fields brings experience in the area of finance and administration, including a stint as chief financial officer with both Flaxfield Roasters and the national coffee store chain, BuzzCups. With this experience, the owners could address a well thought out start-up plan. The problem with hiring a majority of part- time workers is stability. Most responsible and dependable people are not able to balance their daily expenses with only a part-time job. They would require a second job which can affect the work environment. The retail coffee industry in the United States has experienced recently rapid growth. The cool marine climate in southwest Washington stimulates consumption of hot beverages throughout the year. With minimal levels of competition in the immediate area, JJB is presented with the opportunity to take over the industry.